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2 Sheets--Sheet 1.

tove

Patented Oct 117W om a N- PETERS. PHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D

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J. ADAMS. Gas Stove.

Pat ented Oct. 19, I880.

NPETERS, PHO'l'fl-UTHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTONv D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES ADAMS, OF GLASGOW, GREAT BRITAIN.

GAS-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 233,389, dated October 19, 1880.

Application filed December 5, 12579. Patented in England March 19, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JAMES ADAMS, of Glasgow, county ,of Lanark, in the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas-Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

This stove is specifically designed for heating apartments, but the burner thereof is adapted to either cooking or heating stoves of various kinds. The burner is made of a number of perforated tubes of fire-clay or other refractory material supported upon a perforated plate. The gas passes to the burnertubes through short metal tubes connected with a gas-supply box, and there is a space between the burner-tube and the gas-tube to allow air to be drawn into the burner-tube and mix with the gas. The amount of air drawn in is regulated by a ring-slide upon the case that surrounds the burner, there being openings in the case that are closed more or less by the position of said ring-slide.

The products of combustion from the burner pass upward through a flue divided by horizontal plates into several chambers, and there are openings in these plates so arranged that the products of combustion are caused to travel in a circuitous or zigzag path through the flue, and aredetained therein, so as to give off all their available heat to the casings that form the walls of said flue, and thus heat the air that ascends in fines adjacent to this zigzag flue.

The air that is drawn into the stove to be heated passes in. near the top of the stove, so as to avoid making drafts near the floor, and the heated. air, before leaving the stove and entering the apartment, passes over water in a trough surrounding the upper part of the stove, to promote evaporation and restore to the heated air the humidity lost by passing through the stove. 1

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the heating-stove, and Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal sectionof the same at the line 1 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, and Fig. 4 is a horizontal section, one half being at the line 3 3 and the other half at the line 44. It shows aeooking-stove fitted with my improved burner. The other figures are separately referred to.

The base of the stove is made as a box or chamber, D, supported upon feet f, and into this chamber D the cold air is drawn through the vertical pipe G, the upper open end of which is near the middle part of the stove, so as to prevent drafts near the floor.

Beneath the chamber D there is a shallow box, A, into which the gas passes by the pipe g, and the amount thereof is regulated by the cock g. The top plate of this box receives short metal tubes at, and immediately over these gas-tubes are placed the burner-tubes b, which are supported in sockets upon the plate b, that is perforated around each burner-tube, to admit air to supply the jets of gas that burn outside the tube b.

There are annular openings between each gas-tube a, and its burner-tube b, to admit air within the burner-tube to commingle with the gas, and there is a plate, a below the burnertubes, through which plate the gas-tubes a pass, and the opening through which the tubes pass should be of a size to allow sufficientair to pass to the burner-tubes.

The burner-tubes b are within the casing D, that shields the burner from lateral currents of air, and in this casing there are openings at a, that may be opened or closed more or less by the ring-slide D to regulate the amount of air to the burner. This slide may be-operated by a rod extending from the slide to the outside casing of the chamber D, or there may be a door at k, Fig. 2, to give access to this ring-slide or for lighting the burner. This door may have openings covered by mica or similar material, so that the light of the burner may be seen, and thus give a cheerful appearance to the stove. To provide for this there is an opening at that side of the casing D, and partitions k extend from the sides of this opening to the casing of the chamber D, so that the air in said chamber cannot pass through the opening in the casing D to the burner.

The mixture of gas and air burns at the exterior of the tubes 1), and by the construction of burner aforesaid the flame can be of greater or less intensity without danger of smoking.

The gas-supply box A being located near the burner tubes, the gas in said box becomes heated, as does also the air in the chamber above such box 3 hence the air and gas more thoroughly commingle in the burner-tubes and a more perfect combustion is obtained.

Insteadofthe burner-tubes beingcylindrical, they may be hexagonal, as in Fig. 7; or, in place of several burner-tubes, the double cylinder (shown in Fig. 8 by plan and section) may be employed.

The body portion of the stove is composed of two casings or cylinders, D D of sheet metal, supported by the plate k of the airchamber D, and the space between the two cylinders becomes a flue, d, for the passage of the air that is to be heated, the top plate, It, being provided with one or more openings to allow the air to pass into the said flue (1*.

Inside the cylinders D 1), Figs. 1 and 2. there is a smaller cylinder or casing, II. suspended from the ring I), and this cylinder is open at the top and has a. closed bottom, IF,

and said bottom is immcdiatelyovcr the burner, but at the proper distance therefrom, so that the products of combustion can freely pass tothe flueC between the casings II and I).

There is a tube, II, within Il, suspended from the top E of the stove, and this tube is open at both ends, and there is a. space, 11, between H and II for the airthat isdrawndown the tube II to ascend and be warmed by the heated products of combustion that pass up the flue U. The flue (l is divided into several chambers by means of the horizontal plates 0, and these plates have openings 0 arranged alternately on opposite sides, as shown in Fig. 1, so that the products of combustion are detained in this flue and obliged to travel in a spiral or zigzag path before escaping by the pipe J to the chimney. 3y this construction of flue the casings I) and II become highly heated, and the air that ascends in the flues d and h becomes highly heated by contact with the casings D and II of the flue (I.

Air-tubes may pass through the flue C, as shown by dotted lines at F, Figs. 1 and 2, the air entering such tubes from the chamber I).

The heated air from the fines d and h, before escaping into the room through the openwork of the top E, passes over water contai ncd in an annular trough, E that surrounds the upper part of the cylinder 1), so as to promote evaporation of the water and return to the heated air the moisture lost in passing through the stove.

To prevent the bottom B of the cylinder II being injured by the flame of the burner, it may be made of fire-clay or similar material or the burner may be surrounded by the perforated fire-clay dome B, Fig. 5, to protect said cylinder H, and also the metal contiguous to the burner, from injury by the flame.

The burner before described is adapted to cooking and other forms of stoves.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, a cooking-stove is shown made of the casings C and 0", supported upon the air-chamber D, to which latter airis admitted by the pipe G.

The plate 0" forms the top of the main oven 0 and above this there are ovens or chambers (1 My improved burner is placed at the upper part of the stove for heating the chambers (J at the sides of such burner, and a burner is placed at the lower part of the stove for heating the oven 0*. The heat from the lower burner and from this oven passes through the chambers C before escaping by the pipe J to the chimney.

The construction of this cooking-stove is not claimed herein, and Figs. 3 and 4 are introduced for the purpose of showing how the burner may be used in cooking as well as in heating stoves.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in a burner for a gasstove, of the perforated tubes b, gas-tubes a, perforated plates b and a ,jacket or casing D, and slide D substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In combination with a burner consisting of the tubes b and a, plates b and a, casing I), and slide D, the gas-supply box A beneath and adjacent to the burner, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a gas-stove for heating, acentrai tube, 11, and cylinder II, in combination with the cylinder 1) and intervening flue O, surrounding the fine It, and a burner for heating the flue C, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a gas-stove for heating, the casings I) D, cylinder H, and tube H, arranged as specified, to form the flues d, c, h, and h, in combination with a burner for heating the stove, substantially as specified.

5. In a gas-stove for heating, the burner inclosed by a casing, D, in the air-chamber D, in combination with the pipe G and flucs d and (J, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a gas-stove for heating, the casings I) and D cylinder H, and tube H, arranged as specified, in combination with the trough E and top plate, E, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The combination, in a burner for a gas store, of the perforated tubes b, gas-tubes a, perforated plates I) and a and jacket or casing 1), substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

JAMES ADAMS. \Vttnesscs \VALLACE FAIRWEATHER, JOHN YOUNG. 

